References——Websites for Ozone

To Alphabetical listing of topics

Topics by Chapter:

Chapter 1 Strange Happenings Evolution of the Atmosphere Layers of the Atmosphere Chapter 2 Ozone in Nature Chemistry of Ozone Stratospheric Ozone Chapter 3 The Danger of UV to Living Things Environmental and Health Effects of UV UV (Ultraviolet Radiation) Chapter 4 CFCs are Invented CFCs Uses of CFCs Thomas Midgley Chapter 5 A Mystery Solved Chemistry of Ozone Chapter 6 The Loss of '84 and the Suprise of '85 Chapter 7 Expedition to Antarctica

Chapter 8 Measuring Ozone Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——General Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Aircraft Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Gas Chromatography Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Dobson Spectrophotometer Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Lidar Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Ozonesonde Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Rocketsonde Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Satellites Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Space Shuttle Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——UV Chapter 9 Global Efforts to Recover Ozone Substitutes for CFCs ODS Recovery of Stratospheric Ozone Innovations Treaties: Global and U.S. Chapter 10 The Other Face of Ozone Monitoring Tropospheric Ozone Trends Tropospheric Ozone Chapter 11 Hazards of Ozone in the Troposphere Environmental and Health Effects of Ozone Effects of Ozone

 

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CFCs

• http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~martins/isohydro/cfcs.html On CFCs
• http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/noah/publictn/elkins/cfcs.html On CFCs
• http://www.ciesin.org/TG/OZ/prodcfcs.html Production & Users of CFCs
• http://www.ciesin.org/docs/011-423/011-423.html Production, Sales and Atmospheric Release of FLUOROCARBONS through 1992
• http://www.marine.usf.edu/pjocean/packets/sp98/om_5.pdf A short CFC-12 history lesson

Substitutes for CFCs

• http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/

ODS

• http://www.epa.gov/ozone/mbr/ Methyl Bromide
• http://www.epa.gov/ozone/ods.html ODSs

Uses of CFCs

• http://heritage.dupont.com/ History of DuPont Chemicals
• http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/story057.htm The Refrigerator
• https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/drycleaning/ Dry Cleaning
• http://www.ciesin.org/docs/011-463/011-463.html Global Warming Potential of CFCs

Chemistry of Ozone

• http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/ozone/ozone.html Ozone Chemistry
• https://www2.acd.ucar.edu/ Atmospheric Chemistry (NCAR)
  
• http://www.atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca/people/loic/chemistry.html Methane and Carbon Monoxide in the Troposphere

Environmental and Health Effects of Ozone Effects of Ozone

• http://www.rst2.edu/ties/ozone/university/ozonepdfs/1g27.pdf Effects of Ozone Air Pollution on Plants
• http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2000-08/CUNS-Eoop-1408100.php Effects of ozone pollution threaten agricultural production
• http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/massdep/air/quality/what-you-should-know-about-ozone.html What Everyone Needs to Know About Ozone
• http://www.epa.gov/airnow/health/ Smog-Who Does It Hurt?
• http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/ozonegen.html Problems with Ozone Generators
• http://www.airpurifiers.com/Ozone.htm Problems with Ozone Generators
• http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2000/01/alpine2.htm Problems with Ozone Generators

Environmental and Health Effects of UV

• http://www.ciesin.org/TG/OZ/o3depl.html Effect of UV on plants, animals, and atmosphere
• http://dermatology.cdlib.org/DOJvol6num1/original/sunscreens/kinney.html UV Index
• http://www.epa.gov/sunwise/kids.html Sun Protection and Kids
• http://www.ciesin.org/TG/HH/ozover.html Health, UV, and Ozone Depletion
• http://www.ciesin.org/TG/HH/ozskin1.html Melanoma, UV, and Ozone Depletion
• http://www.epa.gov/sunwise/uvandhealth.html Health and Overexposure to Sun
• http://ratecalc.cancer.gov/ Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the United States: 1950-94
• http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1030336 Increasing Risk of Melanoma With Increasing Age
• http://www.skinsite.com/info_melanoma.htm Melanoma
• http://www.skinsite.com/info_squamous_cell_carcinoma.htm Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• http://www.skinsite.com/info_actinic_keratosis.htm Solar Keratosis
• http://www.skinsite.com/info_moles.htm Moles

Evolution of the Atmosphere

• http://earth.usc.edu/~stott/Catalina/Earlyatmosphere.html Earth’'s Earliest Atmosphere and Climate
• http://earth.usc.edu/~stott/Catalina/Precambrian.html Precambrian Climate-Earth's Early Environment
• http://zebu.uoregon.edu/internet/l2.html How did the Earth Get to Look Like This?
• http://www.globalsystemsscience.org/studentbooks/lc/ch5 The Origin of Our Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere
  

Layers of the Atmosphere

• http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/planets/earth/Atmosphere.shtml Earth’'s atmosphere

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——General

• http://www.albany.edu/faculty/rgk/atm101/ozmeas.htm#dobson Measuring Ozone
• http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/stratosphere/polar/polar.shtml Meteorological conditions and ozone in the polar stratosphere

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Aircraft

• http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ozwv/aircraft/ Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Gas Chromatography

• http://www.raybestosproducts.com/html/raybestos_gas_chromatograph.html Gas Chromatograph

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Dobson Spectrophotometer

• http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/ozwv/dobson/ Dobson Spectrophotometer
• http://www.atm.ch.cam.ac.uk/tour/dobson.html Dobson Unit

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Lidar

• http://acdb-ext.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/Ground_based/Lidar/lidar_intro.html Intro to Lidar
• 
  
• http://acdb-ext.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/Ground_based/Lidar/stroz_lite.html Stratospheric Ozone Lidar Trailer Experiment
• http://www.gisdevelopment.net/application/urban/products/urbanp0003.htm Airborne Lidar

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Ozonesonde

• http://www.ozonelayer.noaa.gov/action/ozonesonde.htm Ozonesonde
• http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/wxi-raob.htm Radiosondes
• http://www.ua.nws.noaa.gov/reqdahdr.htm History of Upper-air Observations
• http://www.csulb.edu/~mbrenner/history.htm History of Pilot Balloons
• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/balloon/science/history.html History of Ballooning
• http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blairship.htm?once=true& History of Airships
• http://www.ttkool.ut.ee/aef/dirigibles.html History of Airships
• http://www.balloonhq.com/faq/history.html History of Balloons
• http://www.aka.org.au/kites_in_the_classroom/history.htm History of Kites

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Rocketsonde

• http://rscience.gsfc.nasa.gov/ NASA’'s Sounding Rocket Program

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone——Satellites

• http://www.meteor.iastate.edu/gcp/satellite/satellite_lecture.html Overview of Satellites
• http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/environment/ozone_resource_page.html NASA satellites that measure ozone
• hhttp://www.lib.noaa.gov/collections/TIROS/tiros.html History of TIROS
• http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/sputnik/ History of Sputnik

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone—— Space Shuttle

• http://www.nasa.gov/missions/earth/Measuring%20Ozone%20from%20Space%20Shuttle%20Columbia.html
  

Monitoring Stratospheric Ozone—— UV

• http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/grad/arcticuv2.html Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation Monitoring and Research in Alaska
• http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/grad/uvb.html Broadband UV
• http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/grad/uv.html Ultraviolet Spectroradiometer Measurements at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii.
• http://www.gcrio.org/UNEP1998/UNEP98p7.html Measurements of UV Radiation
• http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/star/starmeas.html#bd Radiance terms

Monitoring Tropospheric Ozone

• http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pamsmain.html EPA's PAMS
• http://www.etl.noaa.gov/et2/aca/ozone/ Measuring Ozone Pollution
• http://www.nsstc.uah.edu/atmchem/pub/fulltext/r1996/r1996_3723-3726GRLvol23/content.html Measuring Ozone Pollution in the Tropics

Recovery of Stratospheric Ozone

• http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/research/themes/o3/ Stratospheric Ozone Layer Depletion and Recovery
  

Innovations

• http://www.epa.state.il.us/small-business/automotive-repair-shops/ Reducing emissions from auto repair and auto body shops
• http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/emissions/index.html Substitutes for ODSs
• http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6380 Advances in dry cleaning
• http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/index.html Consumer Energy Center http://www.pprc.org/pprc/pubs/topics/altfuels.html Alternative Fuels
• http://www.epa.gov/otaq/eparfg.pdf Reformulated Gasoline
• http://www.nap.edu/books/0309064457/html/R13.html Reformulated Gasoline

Stratospheric Ozone

• http://www.al.noaa.gov/WWWHD/pubdocs/assessment98.html WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998
• http://www.atm.ch.cam.ac.uk/tour/ Detailed overview of Ozone
• http://www.epa.gov/ozone/science/ Detailed overview of Ozone
• http://www.epa.gov/oar/oaqps/gooduphigh/ Detailed overview of Ozone
• http://atmos.jpl.nasa.gov/science.htm Detailed overview of Ozone
• http://www.nas.nasa.gov/About/Education/Ozone/ Detailed overview of Ozone
• http://www.albany.edu/faculty/rgk/atm101/ozone.htm#form Overview of Ozone
• http://atmos.jpl.nasa.gov/milestones.htm History of Events involving Ozone
• http://www.albany.edu/faculty/rgk/atm101/o3histor.htm Timeline of Events involving Ozone
• http://www.epa.gov/ozone/ Links for many aspects of Ozone

Trends

• http://www.ozonelayer.noaa.gov/data/antarctic.htm Ozone Observations
• http://www.al.noaa.gov/WWWHD/pubdocs/StratO3.html Ozone Depletion
• http://www.ciesin.org/docs/011-466/011-466.html Ozone Depletion
• http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/stratosphere/polar/polar.shtml Ozone Depletion
• http://www.epa.gov/docs/ozone/science/ Ozone Depletion
• http://www.nilu.no/projects/cozuv/problem.html Ozone Depletion

Thomas Midgley

• http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi684.htm
• http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blgasoline.htm?once=true&
• http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blfreon.htm?once=true&
• http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrefrigerator.htm?once=true&
• http://www.tlchm.bris.ac.uk/motm/leadtet/leadc.htm

Treaties: Global and U.S.

• hthttp://ozone.unep.org/en/ United Nations Environment Programme-Ozone page
• http://www.epa.gov/Ozone/intpol/index.html International Ozone Protection Policy
• http://montreal-protocol.org/en/ Montreal Protocol
  
• http://sedac.ciesin.org/entri/guides/sec3-ozone.html Stratospheric Ozone Depletion: Treaties, Environmental Indicators, and National Responses
• http://www.epa.gov/air/caa/amendments.html History of the Clean Air Act
• http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/ EPA's updated Clean Air Standards
• http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/eparules.html Implementation of EPA's Standards

Tropospheric Ozone

• http://www.epa.gov/oar/oaqps/gooduphigh/ Detailed overview of Ozone
• http://www.albany.edu/faculty/rgk/atm101/ozone.htm#form Overview of Ozone
• http://www.epa.gov/air/visibility/ Haze
• http://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.showmap&pollutant=OZONE Ozone Maps of US
• http://airnow.gov/ EPA's AirNow
• http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/8577.html Motor Vehicle Pollution Fact Sheet
• http://www.nsc.org/news_resources/Resources/Pages/GroundLevelOzone.aspx#.VECvfOfdDIY ​Ground-Level Ozone Safety Facts and Tips (National Safety Council)
  
• http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/trends/trends98/trends98.pdf EPA's Air Pollution Trends 1990-98
• http://www.epa.gov/otaq/consumer/04-ozone.pdf Automobiles and Ozone
• http://www.bts.gov/publications/national_transportation_statistics/ National Transportation Statistics
• http://www.epa.gov/nonroad/ Nonroad Vehicles
• http://www.holdfastmac.com.au/howengines.html 2-Stroke vs. 4-Stroke Engines

UV (Ultraviolet Radiation)

• http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/ozone/ozatmo.html Physics of UV
• http://www.yesinc.com/education/intro-uvb.html UV-B and Ozone Depletion
• http://www.bmayer.de/thceff.html UV and clouds
• http://www.gcrio.org/UNEP1998/UNEP98p73.html UV and clouds
• http://www.tkglass.com/improve/compare/compare.html UV and windows
• http://www.epa.gov/sunwise/uvindex.html UV Index

[URLs Checked: 2014 Oct 17]