For GSS Climate Change chapter 8. Excerpt: New analyses find evidence of human-caused climate change in half of the 12 extreme weather and climate events analyzed from 2012. ...according to the report ...released today by the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Key findings include: Human-induced climate change had little impact on the lack of precipitation in the central United States in 2012. ...however, human-induced climate change was found to be a factor in the magnitude of warmth and was found to have affected the likelihood of such heat waves. High temperatures, such as those experienced in the U.S. in 2012 are now likely to occur four times as frequently due to human-induced climate change. ...The record-setting impacts of Sandy were largely attributable to the massive storm surge and resulting inundation from the onshore-directed storm path coincident with high tide. ...climate-change related increases in sea level have nearly doubled today’s annual probability of a Sandy-level flood recurrence as compared to 1950. ...The extremely low Arctic sea ice extent in summer 2012 ... cannot be explained by natural variability alone. Summer Arctic sea ice ... is expected to be largely absent by mid-century. ...The unusually high amount of summer rainfall in the United Kingdom in 2012 was largely the result of natural variability. ...The July 2012 extreme rainfall events in North China and southwestern Japan were mainly due to natural variability.... http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2013/20130905-extremeweatherandclimateevents.html. NOAA.